Sleepwalking, as the name suggests, is walking while asleep, which may be accompanied by indiscernible talking. Even though the person is asleep while walking, his eyes are generally open; however he does not seem to ‘look’ anywhere in particular, walking as if hypnotized. In most cases the disorder occurs in young children and adolescents. In general around 15% of children in the age group of 4-12 are likely to experience sleepwalking, however the symptoms usually disappear as the child grows up.

There are several reasons for sleepwalking including genetic and environmental factors. A child may suffer from sleepwalking in case he has disturbed sleep schedules, stressful days, magnesium deficiency, sleep deprivation or fever. Some medications containing sedatives, tranquilizers, neuroleptics, antihistamines and stimulants may also trigger sleepwalking in kids. Apart from kids, adults especially women may also suffer from sleepwalking. Pregnant women and those undergoing menopause are more likely to suffer from the disorder. Other than this, certain medical conditions such as Gastroesophageal reflux, fever, nighttime asthma, obstructive sleep apnea and psychiatric disorders such as panic attack, multiple personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder may also lead to sleepwalking.

The symptoms of sleepwalking include walking while sleeping with eyes wide open, having a dazed look. In some cases the child may also mutter some unintelligent words. When questioned, the child may respond slowly, not really knowing what happened, completely unaware of his whereabouts. Some children may show repeat behavior such as straightening their nightclothes. Bedwetting is also one of the symptoms in certain cases.

There are no particular tests or examinations to diagnose sleepwalking; however the doctor may recommend certain medical evaluations to eliminate medical reasons of sleepwalking. In some cases a psychological evaluation may be conducted to see if anxiety or stress or any such related factor us causing the disorder. In cases where the cause is unclear after tests have been conducted, the doctors may recommend sleep study test.

The treatment for sleepwalking includes taking care of the person at home. Parents must ensure that the child gets adequate uninterrupted and undisturbed sleep at night. Apart from this, meditation and other relaxation exercises would also help the person or child sleep better. Any type of stimuli, both visual and auditory, must be completely avoided just before bedtime. The sleeping place must be free from any potentially harmful objects such as knife or tools, the room must also be preferably on the ground floor to avoid accidents. The doors and windows of the room must be kept locked while the person is asleep, so he cannot move out and hurt himself while sleepwalking. In cases where the sleepwalking is caused due to an associated medical condition such as sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, seizures or Gastroesophageal reflux, then the underlying medical disorder must be treated through appropriate treatment and medication.

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